There is a “gender-equality paradox,” whereby women are less likely to obtain STEM degrees in wealthier and more gender equal societies, such as in Finland and Sweden (Sosammon 2018).Įxperts have highlighted the ‘leaky pipeline’ phenomenon, whereby the majority of Master’s students in science are women, but they tend to leave the sector at higher rates than their male counterparts (Thornton 2019). Girls are just as likely as boys to work within the scientific sphere, but they account for just one in three STEM graduates (European Commission 2022a). Other factors may also be educational inequality, outdated teaching methods and curricula, and a lack of female STEM teachers in school (EQUALS Global Partnership, ITU and UN Women 202, UNICEF 20201) Starting in childhood, girls and boys are socialised differently, deterring them from pursuing ‘difficult’ science and mathematics subjects (UNICEF 2020). Hence, facilitating female participation in STEM from a young age trains girls, and helps to shape the world around them by working in emerging fields such as artificial intelligence and big data (European Commission 2019). Excluding half of the world’s population from access to scientific innovation and digital skills, and from opportunities to shape these spheres for future generations, will prove profoundly damaging (UNICEF 2020). Moreover, the STEM sector gives girls the opportunity to learn transferable skills that are both applicable to the rapidly evolving job market and to their day to day lives (UNICEF 2020).Ī UNICEF report argues that, as technology and economies adapt to meet the challenges of the COVID-19 pandemic, women and girls must do the same. Hence, increased women’s participation in STEM offers substantial economic benefits that could not only help the EU work towards gender parity but also combat the organisation’s economic woes, which have been exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic. By facilitating the entry of more women and girls into the STEM sector, the EU could increase its GDP per capita to 3% in 2050, improving the bloc’s GDP by up to 820 billion euros (European Institute for Gender Equality, 2022b), and generating 16 billion euros annually (Girls Go Circular 2022). The European Commission predicts that Europe needs a further one million digital experts (European Commission 2019). However, how do these theories explain the glaring gender gap in Germany and Finland, where the former Chancellor had herself been a scientist (Thornton 2019)? Moreover, the Forum argues that the gender gap in STEM is narrower in the Nordic countries, due to their comprehensive welfare policies that combat gender inequality more generally (Thornton 2019). The Soviet Union and its satellite states in eastern Europe had “government-funded facilities” that facilitated women’s work in STEM. In 2018, just 41% of the EU’s scientists and engineers were women (Eurostat 2020), and just 5 EU Member States had more women scientists than men: Lithuania, Bulgaria, Latvia, Portugal, and Denmark (Thornton 2019).Īccording to The World Economic Forum, former political alliances may explain this gender gap. Globally, women obtain 53% of STEM university degrees (Sirimanne 2019), but in the EU only 34% of graduates in the field are women (Girls Go Circular 2022). ‘STEM’ stands for Science, Technology, Engineering and Maths. It will discuss the barriers to such participation, current EU policies and provide further recommendations for closing the gender gap. This paper gives an overview of women’s participation within STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering and, Maths) in the European Union. Women in STEM in the European Union – facts and figures
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But both of our test cars, an xDrive30i and an M40i, outperformed their efficiency estimates in our real-world testing. Judging the X3 by its EPA ratings places it only midpack among its rivals. The BMW X3 Is Getting a Plug-In Hybrid Model.An adaptive M suspension, available on the M40i, lowers the chassis 0.4 inch. Called Dynamic Damper Control, it adds Comfort, Sport, and Eco Pro driving modes to the xDrive30i. Our test vehicle came with an option we highly recommend, the adaptive suspension. The ride quality is well balanced with just enough firmness for an inspired feel without resulting in a rough ride over bumpy road surfaces. The X3 still feels more competent than some of BMW's current sedans it's fun to drive and willing to arc around corners better than expected, although it doesn't quite offer Macan levels of athleticism. Its 382-hp turbocharged 3.0-liter inline-six-cylinder engine provides almost brutish power, outaccelerating all but the most potent version of the Macan Turbo and the Mercedes-AMG GLC43 with a 4.4-second zero-to-60-mph time. Those seeking a performance-oriented crossover will find the X3 M40i more to their liking. The Porsche Macan S and the Audi Q5 are both quicker in our testing-the Porsche substantially so. At our test track, the xDrive 30i required 6.2 seconds to reach 60 mph we haven't tested an sDrive30i model, nor have we tested the plug-in hybrid xDrive30e. With the 248-hp turbocharged 2.0-liter four-cylinder under its hood, the rear-wheel-drive sDrive30i and all-wheel-drive xDrive30i provide enough power to comfortably negotiate almost any traffic situation, but they're hardly exhilarating. That won't be a problem for anyone living in the Sun Belt, but buyers in snowy states will want to upgrade to the all-wheel-drive xDrive30i model. The entry X3 sDrive30i only drives the rear wheels. The turbocharged four-cylinder collaborates with the excellent eight-speed automatic to make easy passes in traffic and sip fuel on the highway. While the M40i's 382-hp six-cylinder motivates it to 60 mph in 4.4 seconds, we suggest buyers stick with the standard 248-hp four-cylinder, which is plenty powerful. Regardless of the exact power output, all BMW engines exude a similar strong and refined character. A plug-in hybrid powertrain-dubbed xDrive30e-has been added to the lineup and uses a 2.0-liter four-cylinder engine and an electric motor to produce 288-hp and up to 18 miles of electric-only driving range. LED headlights with cornering lights are also new on 30i models. Navigation is newly standard, and some of the switchgear is now silver instead of black. The 2020 X3 receives minor packaging changes for this year. (For those who want their small crossover with an even bigger engine, there's also the 473-hp 2020 BMW X3 M.) The X3's upscale materials and build quality are easier felt than seen the Volvo XC60, the Mercedes-Benz GLC-class, and the Audi Q5 offer more stylish cabins. Stepping up to the 382-hp M40i version turns the X3 into a seriously quick crossover. X3 30i models with the standard turbocharged 2.0-liter four-cylinder strike a smart balance between power and fuel economy. The 2020 X3 delivers strong acceleration, agile handling, and premium interior finishes that make it one of Car and Driver's favorites in a dense field of compact luxury crossovers. BMW sedans have largely lost the dual-personality demeanor that made them both fun to drive and luxurious to own, but the X3 still captures most of the magic. In 1989, he ended the decade by co writing with fellow Canadian songwriter Jim Vallance and American songwriter Diane Warren "When the Night Comes", played at the end credits of that year's Tom Selleck starred crime drama, An Innocent Man (film). His 1987 album Into the Fire, with its US and Canadian top ten song, " Heat of the Night", rose to number two in Canada and the top ten in the US and several other countries. His 1984 Canadian and US number one album, Reckless (which became the first album by a Canadian to be certified diamond in Canada), made him a global star with six charting singles including " Run to You" and " Summer of '69", both top ten hits in the US and Canada, and the power ballad " Heaven", a US number one hit. He rose to fame in North America with the 1983 top ten album Cuts Like a Knife, featuring its title track and the ballad " Straight From the Heart", his first US top ten hit. Īdams joined his first band at age 15, and at age 20 his eponymous debut album was released. Adams was the most played artist on Canadian radio in the 2010s and has had 25 top-15 singles in Canada and a dozen or more in each of the US, UK, and Australia. He has been cited as one of the best-selling music artists of all time, and is estimated to have sold between 75 million and more than 100 million records and singles worldwide. Besides working in the entertainment sector, he has also penned a number of best-selling books, such as Blood Running Hot, The Journey of an American Boy, and others.Bryan Guy Adams OC OBC FRPS (born November 5, 1959) is a Canadian singer, guitarist, songwriter, record producer, and photographer. Later, he made the decision to try his hand at production, which was successful and led to him producing more than 400 episodes of the neighborhood lifestyle program Staycation. He oversaw a number of television programs. Later, he made guest appearances and played the lead role in a number of movies and television programs. He made an appearance as a celebrity assistant in the sixth episode of the hit TV program punk’d the following year. Robert made his acting debut in the 2005 short film “He Set the Trend,” which marked the start of his career. Do you know about the Career of Robert Valletta? Later, Robert was the target of a cyberattack that claimed he had used Scheana to advance in his career Robert refuted those claims. Robert emphasized that even though Scheana is now happily married and they are still close friends, the media had previously depicted them as having a hidden relationship or being friends with benefits following his breakup with her. Robert and Heather Whiting have been dating since October 2017, according to reports that surfaced later that year acknowledged this. Sadly, they broke up in 2016 after dating for some time. They shared a number of performances and programs, which supported their connection. Who is the wife for Robert Valletta?Īfter starting to date the well-known actress Scheana Shay, Robert Valletta gained notoriety nevertheless, the duration of their relationship and how they fell in love are unknown. Body measurementsĪs of 2023, Robert Valletta, who was born on March 23, 1981, will be 41 years old. Washington High School with his sister, Robert continued his study at California University. Outrage was raised when his sister discussed her struggles with drug and alcohol addiction.After graduating from Booker T. His older sister, Amber Valletta, is a well-known model who has a son named Auden from a previous relationship. His mother, Theresa Malaby, is Cherokee and formerly employed by the post office his father, John Valletta, is Italian and Portuguese. The Adobe Acrobat 9 set also omitted the multiple document interface. Legacy PDFs will still be viewable, however they will open with the warning "This document enables Reader capabilities that are no longer enabled in this Reader version." Adobe Reader Extensions 6.1 and newer are still usable. Support for version 9 ended June 26, 2013, with the last available update being 9.5.5.Īdobe Reader 9 ends compatibility with Adobe Reader Extensions 5 and 6 which permit Adobe Reader client software to save changes to filled-in forms in PDFs.
In addition to financial costs for a given diagnosis, VUMC’s Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences understands that there is also an additional carbon cost to make that diagnosis. Working together will allow us to leverage Philips’ general healthcare and specific radiology expertise – as well as their own success in achieving CO2 net-zero operations – to make important reductions in our carbon footprint.” “We have a collective responsibility to help mitigate climate change, which is why we’ve entered into this collaboration. Pendergrass Professor and Chair of Radiology at Vanderbilt University Medical Center. The future of radiology requires us to be cognizant, aware and proactive about addressing this issue which directly affects the communities we live in and the patients we treat,” said Reed Omary, MD, MS, Carol D. Taking steps to reduce the carbon footprint in healthcare isn’t just an opportunity, it’s also a responsibility. The teams will then summarize piloted interventions to test the reduction of the department’s carbon footprint. Philips will work with VUMC to collect a range of equipment lifecycle data, including radiology data and measurements of the equipment energy consumption, analyze operational workflow efficiency and interview VUMC staff and faculty to build computational models on which to run simulations. and 4.4% of global emissions with its heavy energy, equipment, and supply usage, radiology is a significant contributor to the CO2 emissions responsible for climate change. The healthcare industry is responsible for an estimated 7.6% of U.S. The two organizations plan to publish their findings with the aim of promoting knowledge exchange and enabling others in the industry to enhance their environmental strategies. The project is with the radiology department, where efforts will focus on measuring and addressing energy consumption of VUMC’s diagnostic imaging devices including MR, CT, ultrasound and X-ray. Amsterdam, the Netherlands and Nashville, TN, USA – Royal Philips (NYSE: PHG, AEX: PHIA), a global leader in health technology, and Vanderbilt University Medical Center (VUMC), home to the top-ranked adult and pediatric hospitals in the Southeastern U.S., today announced a collaboration that aims to reduce the health system’s carbon footprint while determining a blueprint to guide industry efforts. Tigers mostly eat ungulates, including deer and boar, but they are opportunists that will eat whatever they can kill, including dangerous game like sloth bears and crocodiles. Tigers are at home in the water, and quickly outpace many land dwelling prey species in a swim. When prey enters the water, it’s bad news for the escapee. So, when an ambush fails, they may still get the meal. They will chase down prey and may have better endurance than other cats like lions. They are ambush predators, but they will also stalk and follow prey. Tigers are top predators in the animal kingdom. Major Fact: The Specter of the Sundarbans Later on, 13 grown men couldn’t manage to move the carcass
(credit: modification of work by Mariana Ruiz Villarreal) Fluid Movement between Compartments The pump also transfers potassium out of the ECF and into the cytoplasm. The sodium-potassium pump is powered by ATP to transfer sodium out of the cytoplasm and into the ECF. Overall, the ICF contains high concentrations of potassium and phosphate ( ), whereas both plasma and the ECF contain high concentrations of sodium and chloride.įigure 5. In contrast, the ICF has elevated amounts of potassium, phosphate, magnesium, and protein. The IF has high concentrations of sodium, chloride, and bicarbonate, but a relatively lower concentration of protein. Blood plasma has high concentrations of sodium, chloride, bicarbonate, and protein. The compositions of the two components of the ECF-plasma and IF-are more similar to each other than either is to the ICF. Because these fluids are outside of cells, these fluids are also considered components of the ECF compartment. These include the cerebrospinal fluid that bathes the brain and spinal cord, lymph, the synovial fluid in joints, the pleural fluid in the pleural cavities, the pericardial fluid in the cardiac sac, the peritoneal fluid in the peritoneal cavity, and the aqueous humor of the eye. Cells are separated from the IF by a selectively permeable cell membrane that helps regulate the passage of materials between the IF and the interior of the cell. Gases, nutrients, and waste materials travel between capillaries and cells through the IF. Plasma travels through the body in blood vessels and transports a range of materials, including blood cells, proteins (including clotting factors and antibodies), electrolytes, nutrients, gases, and wastes. Approximately 20 percent of the ECF is found in plasma. The ECF accounts for the other one-third of the body’s water content. The second largest volume is the interstitial fluid, which surrounds cells that are not blood cells. Most of the water in the body is intracellular fluid. If the amount of water inside a cell falls to a value that is too low, the cytosol becomes too concentrated with solutes to carry on normal cellular activities if too much water enters a cell, the cell may burst and be destroyed.įigure 3. This fluid volume tends to be very stable, because the amount of water in living cells is closely regulated. The ICF makes up about 60 percent of the total water in the human body, and in an average-size adult male, the ICF accounts for about 25 liters (seven gallons) of fluid. The ICF lies within cells and is the principal component of the cytosol/cytoplasm. Extracellular fluid has two primary constituents: the fluid component of the blood (called plasma) and the interstitial fluid (IF) that surrounds all cells not in the blood. Extracellular fluid (ECF) surrounds all cells in the body. The intracellular fluid (ICF) compartment is the system that includes all fluid enclosed in cells by their plasma membranes. Materials travel between cells and the plasma in capillaries through the IF.īody fluids can be discussed in terms of their specific fluid compartment, a location that is largely separate from another compartment by some form of a physical barrier. Blood plasma is the second part of the ECF. The interstitial fluid (IF) is part of the extracellular fluid (ECF) between the cells. The intracellular fluid (ICF) is the fluid within cells. An appropriate balance of solutes inside and outside of cells must be maintained to ensure normal function. As a result, water will move into and out of cells and tissues, depending on the relative concentrations of the water and solutes found there. Osmosis is basically the diffusion of water from regions of higher concentration to regions of lower concentration, along an osmotic gradient across a semi-permeable membrane. In the body, water moves through semi-permeable membranes of cells and from one compartment of the body to another by a process called osmosis. For instance, sodium ions (Na +) and chloride ions (Cl –) are often referred to as electrolytes. Often in medicine, a mineral dissociated from a salt that carries an electrical charge (an ion) is called and electrolyte. In the human body, solutes vary in different parts of the body, but may include proteins-including those that transport lipids, carbohydrates, and, very importantly, electrolytes. The dissolved substances in a solution are called solutes. The chemical reactions of life take place in aqueous solutions. Identify the causes and symptoms of edema.Explain the importance of protein channels in the movement of solutes.Contrast the composition of the intracellular fluid with that of the extracellular fluid.Explain the importance of water in the body.By the end of this section, you will be able to: I don't expect to see this in a pinball museum. Their Twilight Zone was one of the most busted examples I have seen in a while. The lighting in the building is quite dim, which would be great if the general illumination on most games was actually looked after. Burned-out bulbs, weak flippers, broken kickouts, filthy playfields, filthy glass and a credit dot on just about every machine I put money into. The 'rare' and 'exotic' games were definitely cool to see, (I did get to play Pinball Circus! Cool!), but the majority of the games were very poorly maintained and very poorly set up. I was hoping to spend 5-8 hours at the museum playing games, as I usually spend at least 5 hours at the Seattle Pinball Museum whenever I visit. The machines at the Narwhal (a bar in Seattle) and Shorty's (another Seattle Bar) are in better shape! What!? It was a HUGE draw for planning my vacation to Vegas, but when I can play better maintained games at a BAR in my hometown, I'm disappointed. I got the opportunity to visit the Pinball Hall of Fame in Vegas on Friday, March 8th and I have to say, I was very sorely disappointed. I wrote this review previously for a local pinball newsgroup I belong to, but have adapted it for all of you. Our readers are not your data pool.Īfter seeing the photos posted of another redditor's visit, I felt compelled to share my experience. Even in this case, it is the sole discretion of moderators to decide what is appropriate for this community. No NSFW posts unless they are considered NSFW solely because they exhibit artistic works that happen to contain nudity or violence. This is not a dumping ground to push a political or social agenda. That being said, everybody here is pretty friendly and reasonable, so just be cool everyone ok? We reserve the right to ban users or remove posts from anyone who we deem to be acting in an aggressive, negative, or otherwise unpleasant manner. This is a sub that seeks to provide an alternative to the vitriolic and exclusionary nature of some other pinball communities. Harassment of any kind will result in an immediate ban. Following the Rules of Reddit is required. No low-effort posts or links that are obviously SEO spam.įollowing Reddiquette is encouraged. Here are some general rules that will help us all enjoy the community.Īll posts must be strictly pinball-related. We do not tolerate any form of pinball elitism. Owners, enthusiasts, casual payers and world champions. R/pinball is a positive, friendly community of pinball lovers. Header photo from Pinball Wizard, Pelham NH THE RULESHEET r/Arcade - Original CoinOP Arcade specific discussion Pinside – User ratings and forum ARCADE COMMUNITY – A longstanding and active pinball community Pindigo - Share your pinball scores with the world! International Competitive Pinball Rankings Pinball Archive Rule Sheets – What to hit PAPA Videos - Competition & Tutorial videos from the Professional and Amature Pinball Association Internet Pinball Database – Machine info (The IMDB of Pinball) The subreddit for pinball lovers, collectors, and competitors. By enhancing your intuition, this stone enables you to follow the best path.
This page will put a light upon the Autumn Ivy bio, wiki, age, birthday, family details, affairs, controversies, caste, height, weight, rumors, lesser-known facts, and more. Check below for more deets about Autumn Ivy. As in 2023, Autumn Ivy's age is 31 years. (Do not repost please) WIP- A new piece, saw the drawyourselfasavillain challenge on TikTok and thought I would give it a go. Born on December 6, 1991, Autumn Ivy hails from Safford, United States. Log in Suggested accounts AboutNewsroomContactCareersByteDance54 Likes, TikTok video from Autumn Ivy (xxautumnivyxx): The chair has a weird rep. Shaw (2021), Zoomed (2020), and Revenge of Zoe (2018). 156 Following 255.5K Followers 2.1M Likes 2002 nyc actress and model :) business inquiries : Videos Liked 18.2K new york new york 21.7K first time on the subway today 9414 dermatologist pls review and tell me im not actually destroying my skin anyways here is my cutrent skin care routine 13. RELATIONSHIP DETAILS BELOW She was the manager of a game store called GamerZ. Is Autumn Ivy married or single, and who is she dating now Let’s find out As of 2023, Autumn Ivy is possibly single. She was born on Friday, December 6, 1991. Autumn Ivy is an American actress, who is popularly known for The Love Song of William H. Autumn Ivy is a 31-year-old American TikTok Star from Arizona, United States. |
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